Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae from Cobek Batu Gado-Gado Against Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, and Tetracycline
Keywords:
antibiotic, Enterobacteriaceae, gado-gado, resistance
Abstract
Enterobacteriaceae are non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacteria that are widespread throughout the world. Most members of the Enterobacteriaceae are pathogenic bacteria in humans, animals and plants. Treatment of infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae is to use antibiotics. Enterobacteriaceae resistance to antibiotics has been widely reported in previous studies. Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are more difficult to treated and endanger health. This bacteria can enter the body, one of the ways is through contaminated food such as gado-gado. Gado-gado is a ready-to-eat food made from various raw or partially boiled vegetables mixed with peanut sauce. Making peanut sauce is made directly without cooking using a stone mortar. Gado-gado is often found being sold on the side of the road in unhealthy hygiene and sanitation conditions. One of the unhealthy sanitation factors is using a stone mortar repeatedly without washing it. This provides an opportunity for contamination of the stone mortar and gado-gado itself. This study tested the susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae isolates to the antibiotics amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline isolated from gado-gado stone mortars. Antibiotic susceptibility testing used the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Based on the antibiotic susceptibility test, it was found that three isolates, namely isolates CB1B (Klebsiella pneumoniae), CB3B (Serratia fonticola), and CB4A (Salmonella enterica) were resistant to amoxcillin, two isolates, namely CB1A (Proteus mirabilis) and CB2A (Enterobacter sp.) were intermediate. to amoxicillin, and one isolate, namely CB2B (Enterobacter sp.), was sensitive to amoxicillin. All Enterobacteriaceae isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol and tetracycline in this study.References
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Rihibiha, D., & Friliansari, L.P. (2021). Isolasi Enterobacteriaceae pada kecoa (Periplaneta americana) di area perumahan di kota Cimahi. Jurnal Kesehatan Kartika, 16(1), 17-21.
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Shodikin, M.A., Suswati, E., Hermansyah, B., Utami, W.S., Aryadina, D., & Amirsyah, N.N.O. (2023). The correlation between food hygiene and sanitation in food vendors of lalapan with Enterobacteriaceae contamination in fresh vegetables. Journal of Health Sciences, 16(01), 66-76.
Suarnata, I.W., Suarjana, I.G.K., & Rompis, A.L.T. (2018). Enterobacter sp. pada sapi Bali menurut geografis dan tingkat kedewasaan serta pola kepekaannya terhadap antibiotika. Buletin Veteriner Udayana Volume, 10(2), 154-161.
Wijaya, S.N., Ariestanti, C.A, & Budiarso, T.Y. (2021). deteksi bakteri enteropatogen pada produk makanan jajanan tahu. Prosiding ESEC, 2(1), 139-147.
Yuan, F., Huang, Z., Yang, T., Wang, G., Li, P., Yang, B., & Li, J. (2021). Pathogenesis of Proteus mirabilis in catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Urologia internationalis, 105(5-6), 354-361.
Yuniatun, T., Martini, M., Purwantisari, S., & Yuliawati, S. (2017). Hubungan higiene sanitasi dengan kualitas mikrobiologis pada makanan gado-gado di Kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 5(4), 491-499.
Al-Kharousi, Z.S., Guizani, N., Al-Sadi, A.M., & Al-Bulushi, I.M. (2019). Antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from fresh fruits and vegetables and characterization of their AmpC β-lactamases. Journal of food protection, 82(11), 1857-1863.
Anita, Tosepu, R., Nirmala G.F. (2022). Identifikasi Bakteri Salmonella sp pada gado-gado yang dijual area kampus Universitas Halu Oleo Tahun 2021. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Celebes, 3(1), 1-8.
Aviat, F., Gerhards, C., Rodriguez‐Jerez, J.J., Michel, V., Bayon, I.L., Ismail, R., & Federighi, M. (2016). Microbial safety of wood in contact with food: a review. Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety, 15(3), 491-505.
Cahyaningtyas, D.E., Gaina, C.D., & Tangkonda, E. (2024). Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., dan Staphylococcus aureus pada ambing dan susu kambing peranakan etawa. Jurnal Veteriner Nusantara, 7(1), 41-52.
Cappucino, J.G. & Sherman, N. (2014). Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. 10th ed. Boston: Pearson.
CLSI. Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. (2021). M100 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing 31st ed. USA: CLSI
De Angelis, G., Del Giacomo, P., Posteraro, B., Sanguinetti, M., & Tumbarello, M. (2020). Molecular mechanisms, epidemiology, and clinical importance of β-lactam resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(14), 5090.
Espinoza, V., Valdez, M., Burcovschii, S., Fong, I., Petersen, G., & Heidari, A. (2021). The first case report of endocarditis caused by Serratia fonticola. Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, 9, 1-3.
Fallo, G., & Sine, Y. (2016). Isolasi dan uji biokimia bakteri selulolitik asal saluran pencernaan rayap pekerja (Macrotermes spp.). BIO-EDU: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 1(2), 27-29.
Fazulbhoy, R., Khan, A., D'souza, L. A., Dave, N., & Chandu, P. (2021). A comparative analysis of amoxicillin and cefuroxime. Int J Sci Res Sci Technol, 8, 96-124.
Garrity, G. (2007). Bergey's manual® of systematic bacteriology: volume 2: the Proteobacteria, part B: the Gammaproteobacteria (Vol. 2). USA: Springer Science & Business Media.
Iredell, J., Brown, J., & Tagg, K. (2016). Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: mechanisms and clinical implications. BMJ 352: h6420.
Kemenkes RI. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2003). Kepmenkes RI No. 942/MENKES/SK/ VII/ 2003 tentang Pedoman Persyaratan Hygiene Sanitasi Makanan Jajanan. Jakarta: Kemenkes.
Kundera, I.N., Sapu, E.H., & Bialangi, M. (2020). Identification of bacteria on cockroach feet (Periplaneta americana) in resident bay of palu permai and sensitivity test against antibiotics. Techno: Jurnal Penelitian, 9(1), 353-362.
Kurniati, E., Retnaningrum, E., Wijayanti, N., & Wibawa, T. (2022). The diversity and susceptibility against antibiotics of Salmonella spp. clinical isolates from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 23(11).
Mailissa, M.R., Budiarso, T.Y., & Amarantini, C. (2022). screening bakteri coliform pada air minum isi ulang di damiu, kec. Umbulharjo Yogyakarta. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi, 10, 212-219.
Moxley, R.A. (2022). Family Enterobacteriaceae. Dalam: , D.S. McVey, M. Kennedy, & C. Czuprynski (Eds). Veterinary Microbiology (4th ed, 43-107). USA: Wiley Blackwell.
Nurhayati, N., Ruriani, E., & Fitriana, I. (2024). Biosafety of gado-gado street food around Jember campus. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1338 (1), 012042.
Nurtjahyani, S.D. (2014). Role of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) enzyme for early detection of chloramphenicol resistant Salmonella typhi. Microbiology Indonesia, 8(2), 6.
Oktaviani, N., Sulistiyawati, I., & Rahayu, N.L. (2022). Isolasi dan karakterisasi umum mikroba yang diduga enterobacteriaceae pada jajanan di wilayah Purwokerto menggunakan medium EMBA. Scientific Timeline, 2(1), 41-51.
Patilaya, P., Husori, D.I., & Marhafanny, L. (2019). Susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from pus specimens of post-surgery patients in Medan, Indonesia to selected antibiotics. Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 7(22), 3861.
Rahayu, P.M., Hartati, H., & Sulfiani, S. (2022). Identification of bacteria in the urine of women with urinary tract infections (Uti) At Primaya Hospital Makassar. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP), 2(3), 460-462.
Rihibiha, D., & Friliansari, L.P. (2021). Isolasi Enterobacteriaceae pada kecoa (Periplaneta americana) di area perumahan di kota Cimahi. Jurnal Kesehatan Kartika, 16(1), 17-21.
Roberts, M.C., & Schwarz, S. (2017). Tetracycline and chloramphenicol resistance mechanisms. Dalam: D.L. Mayers, J.D. Sobel, M. Ouellette, K.S. Kaye, D.Marchaim (Eds.). Antimicrobial drug resistance: mechanisms of drug resistance, volume 1 (2nd ed, 231-243). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Sedláková, M.H., Urbánek, K., Vojtová, V., Suchánková, H., Imwensi, P., & Kolář, M. (2014). Antibiotic consumption and its influence on the resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. BMC research notes, 7, 1-10.
Shodikin, M.A., Suswati, E., Hermansyah, B., Utami, W.S., Aryadina, D., & Amirsyah, N.N.O. (2023). The correlation between food hygiene and sanitation in food vendors of lalapan with Enterobacteriaceae contamination in fresh vegetables. Journal of Health Sciences, 16(01), 66-76.
Suarnata, I.W., Suarjana, I.G.K., & Rompis, A.L.T. (2018). Enterobacter sp. pada sapi Bali menurut geografis dan tingkat kedewasaan serta pola kepekaannya terhadap antibiotika. Buletin Veteriner Udayana Volume, 10(2), 154-161.
Wijaya, S.N., Ariestanti, C.A, & Budiarso, T.Y. (2021). deteksi bakteri enteropatogen pada produk makanan jajanan tahu. Prosiding ESEC, 2(1), 139-147.
Yuan, F., Huang, Z., Yang, T., Wang, G., Li, P., Yang, B., & Li, J. (2021). Pathogenesis of Proteus mirabilis in catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Urologia internationalis, 105(5-6), 354-361.
Yuniatun, T., Martini, M., Purwantisari, S., & Yuliawati, S. (2017). Hubungan higiene sanitasi dengan kualitas mikrobiologis pada makanan gado-gado di Kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 5(4), 491-499.
Published
2024-08-20
How to Cite
Hamida, F., Ambarsari, R., Djuhariah, Y., Fahrudin, F., & Sholikha, M. (2024). Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae from Cobek Batu Gado-Gado Against Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, and Tetracycline. Sainstech Farma: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian, 17(2), 55-64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37277/sfj.v17i2.1966
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