Sainstech Farma: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian

Potential Drug Interactions in COVID-19 Patients with Comorbid Diseases

Lili Musnelina — 2024-08-05

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that has persisted for a considerable period, presenting significant challenges in the management of patients with comorbidities. This study, conducted in 2021 at RSUD Jagakarsa, aimed to analyze potential drug interactions among COVID-19 patients. The research was retrospective, involving medical records from 100 patients selected through total sampling. Using the Lexicomp tool, researchers assessed potential interactions based on comprehensive medical records. Results showed a predominantly female patient group (59%), mainly aged 50-59 years (27%). Hypertension was the most frequently encountered comorbidity (49%), with antiviral medications used by 61.80% of patients and antibiotics by 38.20%. Approximately 62% of patients received more than five types of drug therapies (polypharmacy). Based on the severity of the disease, it was found that the predominant drug interactions were moderate (70.98%) and minor (19.42%). The conclusion of this study is the identification of potential drug interactions in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.

COVID-19, Interaksi obat, Komorbid, Polifarmasi

Cost-Minimization Analysis of Tensigard as Antihipertension Therapy

Roseline Sitorus — 2024-08-05

Kajian ekonomi kesehatan dapat menjadi alat atau parameter pemilihan intervensi yang paling optimal dengan harga yang terendah. Parameter kajian ekonomi ini juga berlaku untuk menguatkan peningkatan penggunaan fitofarmaka dalam sektor formal. Studi dan analisis farmakoekonomi untuk fitofarmaka menjadi suatu hal yang penting untuk menilai efektivitas, efisiensi biaya dan dasar asesmen terapi fitofarmaka dalam program pembiayaan kesehatan nasional. Pengembangan fitofarmaka untuk dapat masuk dalam sistem kesehatan formal, tidak hanya mengandalkan pada basis bukti klinik terhadap efektivitas, tetapi juga pada analisis farmakoekonomi yang memadai.

Kajian farmakoekonomi Tensigard terhadap terapi standar antihipertensi amlodipin 5 mg dosis pemeliharaan menggunakan analisis minimalisasi-biaya menunjukkan kenaikan biaya 223,46%. Dengan demikian Tensigard tidak efisien sebagai terapi pengganti atau alternatif dari amlodipin untuk tujuan pemeliharaan tekanan darah.

Proximate Analysis and Determination of Vitamin C Levels in Sungai Penuh Robusta Coffee Cascara (Coffea canephora) Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Method

Rori Theresia Ka — 2024-08-18

Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee-producing country in the world, following Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia. One of the coffee-producing regions is the Province of Jambi, with development centers located in Kerinci Regency and the City of Sungai Penuh. However, the processed products are still limited to raw coffee beans, commonly referred to as green beans, with only a small portion reaching the processing stage even though there are still many coffee ingredients that have high nutritional contents that are beneficial for health, such as caffeine, chlorogenic acid, fat, amino acid, organic acid, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, fibers, and vitamin C. This study aims to determine the nutritional content of robusta coffee cascara by conducting proximate analysis and vitamin C content testing. The proximate analysis was performed using the SNI 01-2891-1992 method, and the determination of vitamin C levels was carried out using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer with ascorbic acid used as a reference. The results showed that dried robusta coffee cascara contains 6.20% moisture, 7.33% ash, 6.54% carbohydrates, 1.07% fat, 4.20% protein, and 0.1538% w/w vitamin C, equivalent to 153.8 mg/100 g.

Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae from Cobek Batu Gado-Gado Against Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, and Tetracycline

Fathin Hamida — 2024-08-20

Enterobacteriaceae are non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacteria that are widespread throughout the world. Most members of the Enterobacteriaceae are pathogenic bacteria in humans, animals and plants. Treatment of infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae is to use antibiotics. Enterobacteriaceae resistance to antibiotics has been widely reported in previous studies. Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are more difficult to treated and endanger health. This bacteria can enter the body, one of the ways is through contaminated food such as gado-gado. Gado-gado is a ready-to-eat food made from various raw or partially boiled vegetables mixed with peanut sauce. Making peanut sauce is made directly without cooking using a stone mortar. Gado-gado is often found being sold on the side of the road in unhealthy hygiene and sanitation conditions. One of the unhealthy sanitation factors is using a stone mortar repeatedly without washing it. This provides an opportunity for contamination of the stone mortar and gado-gado itself. This study tested the susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae isolates to the antibiotics amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline isolated from gado-gado stone mortars. Antibiotic susceptibility testing used the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Based on the antibiotic susceptibility test, it was found that three isolates, namely isolates CB1B (Klebsiella pneumoniae), CB3B (Serratia fonticola), and CB4A (Salmonella enterica) were resistant to amoxcillin, two isolates, namely CB1A (Proteus mirabilis) and CB2A (Enterobacter sp.) were intermediate. to amoxicillin, and one isolate, namely CB2B (Enterobacter sp.), was sensitive to amoxicillin. All Enterobacteriaceae isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol and tetracycline in this study.

Evaluation of Drug Planning and Procurement at Hospital X South South Tangerang using the ABC-VEN Analysis Method

Ritha Widyapratiwi — 2024-08-29

Improper control of drug supplies can cause shortages or excess stock in hospitals. Therefore, planning for drug procurement in hospitals must be managed efficiently and effectively. One of way is to analyze planning and control through the ABC-VEN analysis method, namely grouping drugs based on investment value and drug critically. This research aims to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of drug planning and procurement at Hospital X, South Tangerang. The research method was carried out descriptively qualitative and quantitative by collecting primary data through interviews to find out in-depth the problems related to management, as well as secondary data to obtain drug expenditure budget data, drug stock data reports, and year-end drug inventory reports (stock-taking). The sample collection method was purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, with a total research sample of 1378 drugs. The findings revealed that 12.84% of the drug items fall into group A, 19.96% into group B, and 67.20% into group C. Baased on VEN analysis, 4.72% were classified as Vital, 76.56% as Essential, and 18.72% as Non-Essential. By planning and procuring drugs using the ABC-VEN method, it is hoped that we can identify main and additional priority drugs accurately, so that planning and management of drug sipplies becomes more efficient and effective, as well as ensuring optimal drug availability aaccording to patient needs.

Prophylactic Antibiotic Use Profile of Caesarean Section in X Hospital West Java

Kurniatul Hasanah — 2024-09-13

Prophylactic antibiotics are antibiotics given before, during and up to 24 hours after surgery in cases where clinically there are no signs of infection with the aim of preventing surgical site infection. Caesarean Section (CS) prophylactic antibiotics are antibiotics given to prevent post-CS infections. This study aims to evaluate compliance of CS prophylactic antibiotics use with the Hospital X West Java’s Antibiotic Use Guidelines, especially regarding the use of CS prophylactic antibiotics. This research is descriptive quantitative with retrospective data collection. The subjects observed in this study were medical record documents and CS patient registration books at X Hospital in West Java on first semester of 2024. All of CS patient are inventarised that consist of patient and doctor identity and prophylactic antibiotics usage. The result was average of compliance with the selection and administration of prophylactic CS antibiotic doses according to Antibiotic Use Guidelines were 18.97% and 1.58%, compliance with the route of administering CS prophylactic antibiotic doses according to Antibiotic Use Guidelines was 100%, average of with administering CS prophylactic antibiotics 30-60 minutes before CS taken was 36.33% and average of single dose CS antibiotic prophylaxis given was 41.48%. Compliance with the use of CS prophylactic antibiotics at Hospital X West Java according to Antibiotic Use Guidelines was very poor.

Standardization of Specific and Non-Specific Parameters of Kencur Rhizome Extract (Kaempferia Galanga L.) Purbalingga Accession as An Antibacterial Drug

Subar - Yanti — 2024-09-13

Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) is a potential medicinal plant from the Zingiberaceae family that is widely cultivated because it is a multifunctional plant and the part of the kencur plant that is often used is the rhizome. This study aims to standardize the ethanol extract of kencur rhizome obtained from plantations in the Purbalingga area, Central Java and its antibacterial activity. The extract was standardized with two parameters, namely specific and nonspecific parameters. Determination of specific parameters includes extract identity, organoleptic, levels of water-soluble and ethanol-soluble compounds, also phytochemical screening including alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, and tannin tests. Nonspecific parameters include drying loss, total ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, and water content. The results showed that the kencur rhizome extract was dark brown, had a distinctive kencur odor, a slightly spicy and astringent taste, water-soluble compounds of 16.6%, and ethanol-soluble compounds of 5.4%. The phytochemical compounds contained were alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. Drying loss 8.12%, total ash content 0.36%, acid insoluble ash content 0.17%, and water content 7.04%. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the specific and nonspecific parameters of Purbalingga accession kencur extract meet the quality standards of raw materials and have the potential as antibacterials, especially against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes.antibakteri, Kaempferia galanga L., rimpang kencur, standardisasi