Evaluasi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antihipertensi di Puskesmas Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan Periode Juli-Desember 2023
Keywords:
Antihipertensi, penggunaan obat rasional, tepat dosis, hipertensi, tepat obat
Abstract
Hypertension is defined as a condition where an individual's systolic blood pressure is consistently above 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is above 90 mmHg, as determined by two separate measurements. This condition represents a major public health challenge, with high rates of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in Indonesia. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 50% of all drugs worldwide are prescribed, dispensed, or sold inappropriately. This often leads to improper drug use by patients, resulting in adverse clinical and economic consequences. This can cause unwanted problems such as unachieved therapeutic goals and increased side effects of drugs. The purpose of this study was to determine the demographics of hypertensive patients, the characteristics of hypertensive patients, patterns of antihypertensive use and the rationality of antihypertensive use including appropriate indications, appropriate drugs and appropriate doses. This study was an observational retrospective study using a descriptive analysis design. The sample used was 166 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed patient demographic data for female gender as many as 89 patients (53.62%) and male as many as 77 patients (46.39%). Based on age, the majority of patients were in the range of 46-55 years, as many as 51 people (30.72%). Based on disease characteristics, the majority of patients were in stage II hypertension, as many as 113 patients (68.07%). Based on complications or comorbidities, the majority of patients were hypertensive patients without complications and comorbidities, as many as 69 patients (41.57%). The most frequent use of antihypertensives was in the form of single therapy, as many as 146 patients (87.85%), namely the calcium channel blocker (amlodipine) drug group, as many as 139 patients (83.73%). The results of the evaluation of the rationality of antihypertensive use in the category of appropriate indications were 100% (166 patients), appropriate drugs were 100% (166 patients) and appropriate doses were 94.58% (157 patients). All samples examined demonstrated adherence to the principles of rational antihypertensive therapy, specifically regarding appropriate indications and drug selection. The aspect of appropriate doses reached 94.58%.References
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Andria, K.M., Widati, S., & Nurmala, I. (2021). The Characteristics of Hypertension Patients at Puskesmas Waru, Pamekasan in 2018. Jurnal Promkes. 9(1): 11-17. doi: 10.20473/jpk.V9.I1.2021.11-17
Arini, H.D., Amalia, B., & Yuliawati, A. N. (2023). Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Kombinasi Antihipertensi Amlodipin-Valsartan dengan Bisoprolol-Kandesartan. Prosiding Simposium Kesehatan Nasional. 2(1): 126-133.
Ariyani, AR. (2020). Kejadian Hipertensi pada Usia 45-65 Tahun. Higeia Journal of Public Health Research and Development. 4(special 3): 506-518. doi: 10.15294 /higeia.v4iSpecial%203/ 40392.
Diana, T. S. & Hastono, S. P. (2023). Pengaruh Gaya Hidup terhadap Hipertensi pada Remaja: Literature Review. Faletehan Health Journal. 10(02): 169–177. Doi: 10.33746/fhj.v10i02.590.
Hasanah, U. (2019). Tekanan Darah Tinggi (Hipertensi). Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa. 7(1): 87.
Hidayaturahmah, R. & Syafitri, Y. O. (2021). Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antihipertensi di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Way Kandis Bandar Lampung Periode Januari-Juni 2021. Jurnal Farmasi Malahayati. 4(2): 227-236. doi:10.33024/jfm.v4i2.5933.
James, P. A., Oparil, S., Carter, B. L., Cushman, W. C., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C., Handler, J., et al. (2014). 2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for The Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Report from The Panel Members Appointed to The Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). JAMA. 311(5): 507–520. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.284427.
Kemenkes RI. (2011). Modul Penggunaan Obat Rasional.
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018.
Kemenkes RI. (2019). Pedoman Pelayanan Kefarmasian pada Hipertensi.
Kemenkes RI. (2021). Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Tata Laksana Hipertensi Dewasa.
Kristanti, P. (2015). Efektifitas dan Efek Samping Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi pada Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Kalirungkut Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya. 4(2): 1-13.
Laura, A., Darmayanti, A., & Hasni, D. (2020). Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi Di Puskesmas Ikur Koto Kota Padang Periode 2018. Human Care Journal. 5(2): 570-576.
Mancia, G., Fagard, R., Narkiewicz, K., Redon, J., Zanchetti, A. & Böhm, M. (2013). ESH/ESC Guidelines for The Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for The Management of Arterial Hypertension of The European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of The European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 34(28): 2159–219. Doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht151.
Naidu, B.M., Yusoff, M.F.M., Abdullah, S., Musa, K.I., Yaacob, N.M., Mohamad, M.S., et al. (2019). Factors associated with the severity of hypertension among Malaysian adults. PLoS ONE, 14(1), 1–16. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207472
Nurarif, AH., & Kusuma, H. (2016). Asuhan Keperawatan Praktis. Jogjakarta: MediAction.
Pratama, F., Feladita, N., & Primadiamanti, A. (2023). Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi Pada Pasien Hipertensi Rawat Jalan Di Puskesmas Rawajitu. Jurnal Farmasi Malahayati. 6(1), 76–89. doi: 10.33024/jfm.v6i1.8860
Pratiwi, C. I., Ulfa, A. M., & Wijaya, S. (2023). Rasionalitas Penggunaan Obat Hipertensi pada Pasien BPJS di Puskesmas Rantau Tijang Tanggamus. Jurnal Medika Malahayati. 7(1): 562-572.
Rahma, A. D. & Syarifuddin, S. (2024). Evaluasi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi pada Pasien Prolanis di Puskesmas Kedungkandang Kota Malang Tahun 2022. Journal of Islamic Pharmacy. 9(1): 15-21. doi: 10.18860/jip.v9i1.26182
Schwinghammer, T. L., DiPiro, J. T., Ellingrod, V. L., & DiPiro, C. V. (2021). Pharmacotherapy Handbook. Eleventh Edition. USA: McGraw Hill.
Syamsu, R. F., Nuryanti, S., & Semme, M. Y. (2021). Karakteristik Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Jenis Kelamin Pasien Hipertensi di RS Ibnu Sina Makassar. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 7(2), 64–74. doi: 10.35329/jkesmas.v7i1
Tiwaskar, M., Langote, A., Kashyap, R., & Toppo, A. (2018). Amlodipine in the Era of New Generation Calcium Channel Blockers. Journal of The Association of Physicians of India. 66(3), 64-9.
Trisnawati. N., Pebriyani, U & Gemilang, I. (2016). Hubungan Hipertensi dengan Kejadian Penyakit Gagal Jantung Kongestif di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2015. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. 3(4): 1-9.
Triyadi, R., Rokiban, A., & Carima, A. (2021). Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Pada Pasien Hipertensi Rawat Jalan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Wisma Rini Pringsewu Tahun 2019. Jurnal Farmasi Lampung. 9(2), 84–91. doi: 10.37090/jfl.v9i2.336.
Untari, E. K., Agilina, A. R. & Susanti, R. (2018). Evaluasi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi di Puskesmas Siantan Hilir Kota Pontianak Tahun 2015. Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 5(1): 32–39. doi: 10.7454/psr.v5i1.3870.
Widiyastuti R., Puspitasari CE. & Dewi NMAR. (2021). Profil penggunaan antihipertensi pada Pasien Hipertensi di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Provinsi NTB tahun 2018. Archives Pharmacia. 2021;3(1):1-8.
Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti RE, Azizi M, Burnier M, et al. (2018). 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension. Eur Heart J. 39(33):3021-3104. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339.
Yulanda, G. & Lisiswanti, R. (2017). Penatalaksanaan Hipertensi Primer. Jurnal Majority. 6(1): 25-33.
Published
2025-01-17
How to Cite
Hasanah, K., Siswati, S., & Adriyati, N. (2025). Evaluasi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antihipertensi di Puskesmas Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan Periode Juli-Desember 2023. Sainstech Farma: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian, 18(1), 21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37277/sfj.v18i1.2205
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Articles
